Muhammad: a biography of the prophet pdf download

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Who Was Muhammad?

Muhammad was the prophet and founder of Islam. Most of his early life was spent as a merchant. At age 40, he began to have revelations from Allah that became the basis for the Koran and the foundation of Islam.

Life of prophet muhammad Female Stereotypes in Religious Traditions. Article Talk. Michigan State University. Muhammad adjusted to the new direction, and his companions praying with him followed his lead, beginning the tradition of facing Mecca during prayer.

By he had unified most of Arabia under a single religion. As of , there are over billion Muslims in the world who profess, “There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet.”

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim
BORN: c.
BIRTHPLACE: Makkah, Saudi Arabia
DEATH: June 8,

The Life of Muhammad

Muhammad was born around , AD in Mecca (now in Saudi Arabia).

His father died before he was born and he was raised first by his grandfather and then his uncle.

Detailed biography of prophet muhammad pbuh pictures and images Sahih Muslim. By the end of the encounter, Addas felt overwhelmed and kissed Muhammad's head, hands, and feet in recognition of his prophethood. Phipps, William E. Khadija thus told him to rejoice as she concluded it was not Satan but an angel visiting him.

He belonged to a poor but respectable family of the Quraysh tribe. The family was active in Meccan politics and trade.

Many of the tribes living in the Arabian Peninsula at the time were nomadic, trading goods as they crisscrossed the desert. Most tribes were polytheistic, worshipping their own set of gods.

The town of Mecca was an important trading and religious center, home to many temples and worship sites where the devoted prayed to the idols of these gods. The most famous site was the Kaaba (meaning cube in Arabic). It is believed to have been built by Abraham (Ibrahim to Muslims) and his son Ismail. Gradually the people of Mecca turned to polytheism and idolatry.

Of all the gods worshipped, it is believed that Allah was considered the greatest and the only one without an idol.

In his early teens, Muhammad worked in a camel caravan, following in the footsteps of many people his age, born of meager wealth.

Short biography of prophet muhammad: These men had a history of raiding Jews in their locality, who in turn would warn them that a prophet would be sent to punish them. She asked him to take one of her caravans into Syria, after which she was so impressed by his competence in the expedition that she proposed marriage to him; Muhammad accepted her offer and remained monogamous with her until her death. Once the ransom arrangements for the Meccan captives were finalized, he initiated a siege on the Banu Qaynuqa , [ ] regarded as the weakest and wealthiest of Medina's three main Jewish tribes. Yusuf Joseph.

Working for his uncle, he gained experience in commercial trade traveling to Syria and eventually from the Mediterranean Sea to the Indian Ocean. In time, Muhammad earned a reputation as honest and sincere, acquiring the nickname “al-Amin” meaning faithful or trustworthy.

In his early 20s, Muhammad began working for a wealthy merchant woman named Khadijah, 15 years his senior.

She soon became attracted to this young, accomplished man and proposed marriage. He accepted and over the years the happy union brought several children. Not all lived to adulthood, but one, Fatima, would marry Muhammad’s cousin, Ali ibn Abi Talib, whom Shi’ite Muslims regard as Muhammad’s successor.

The Prophet Muhammad

Muhammad was also very religious, occasionally taking journeys of devotion to sacred sites near Mecca.

On one of his pilgrimages in , he was meditating in a cave on Mount Jabal aI-Nour. The Angel Gabriel appeared and relayed the word of God: “Recite in the name of your Lord who creates, creates man from a clot!

Detailed biography of prophet muhammad pbuh pictures The Lives of Muhammad. Main articles: Historiography of early Islam and Historicity of Muhammad. However, upon reaching the peak, Gabriel appeared to him, affirming his status as the true Messenger of God. Our Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, was at al-Masjidul-A q sa.

Recite for your lord is most generous….” These words became the opening verses of sūrah (chapter) 96 of the Qur'an. Most Islamic historians believe Muhammad was initially disturbed by the revelations and that he didn’t reveal them publicly for several years. However, Shi’a tradition states he welcomed the message from the Angel Gabriel and was deeply inspired to share his experience with other potential believers.

Islamic tradition holds that the first persons to believe were his wife, Khadija and his close friend Abu Bakr (regarded as the successor to Muhammad by Sunni Muslims).

Soon, Muhammad began to gather a small following, initially encountering no opposition. Most people in Mecca either ignored him or mocked him as just another prophet. However, when his message condemned idol worship and polytheism, many of Mecca’s tribal leaders began to see Muhammad and his message as a threat.

Besides going against long standing beliefs, the condemnation of idol worship had economic consequences for merchants who catered to the thousands of pilgrims who came to Mecca every year. This was especially true for members of Muhammad’s own tribe, the Quraysh, who were the guardians of the Kaaba.

Detailed biography of prophet muhammad pbuh pictures and quotes Archived from the original on 5 December Review of Religious Research. Shahada Salah Sawm Zakat Hajj. Battle of the Trench also known as the siege of Medina.

Sensing a threat, Mecca’s merchants and leaders offered Muhammad incentives to abandon his preaching, but he refused.

Increasingly, the resistance to Muhammed and his followers grew and they were eventually forced to emigrate from Mecca to Medina, a city miles to the north in This event marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar.

There Muhammad was instrumental in bringing an end to a civil war raging amongst several of the city’s tribes. Muhammad settled in Medina, building his Muslim community and gradually gathering acceptance and more followers.

Between and , the Muslims were involved in a series of battles for their survival. In the final major confrontation, The Battle of the Trench and Siege of Medina, Muhammad and his followers prevailed and a treaty was signed.

The treaty was broken by the Meccan allies a year later. By now, Muhammad had plenty of forces and the balance of power had shifted away from the Meccan leaders to him. In , the Muslim army marched into Mecca, taking the city with minimum casualties. Muhammad gave amnesty to many of the Meccan leaders who had opposed him and pardoned many others.

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Most of the Meccan population converted to Islam. Muhammad and his followers then proceeded to destroy all of the statues of pagan gods in and around the Kaaba.

The Death of Muhammad

After the conflict with Mecca was finally settled, Muhammad took his first true Islamic pilgrimage to that city and in March, , he delivered his last sermon at Mount Arafat.

Upon his return to Medina to his wife’s home, he fell ill for several days. He died on June 8, , at the age of 62, and was buried at al-Masjid an-Nabawi (the Mosque of the Prophet) one of the first mosques built by Muhammad in Medina.

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